Python

Python is a widely used high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability, and its syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than possible in languages such as C++ or Java.
Python supports multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative and functional programming or procedural styles. It features a dynamic type system and automatic memory management and has a large and comprehensive standard library
Features of Python
Simple
Python is a simple and minimalistic language. Reading a good Python program feels almost like reading English (but very strict English!). This pseudo-code nature of Python is one of its greatest strengths. It allows you to concentrate on the solution to the problem rather than the syntax i.e. the language itself.
Easy to Learn
As you will see, Python is extremely easy to get started with. Python has an extraordinarily simple syntax as already mentioned.
Free and Open Source
Python is an example of a FLOSS (Free/Libre and Open Source Software). In simple terms, you can freely distribute copies of this software, read the software's source code, make changes to it, use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you know you can do these things. FLOSS is based on the concept of a community which shares knowledge. This is one of the reasons why Python is so good - it has been created and improved by a community who just want to see a better Python.
High-level Language
When you write programs in Python, you never need to bother about low-level details such as managing the memory used by your program.
Portable
Due to its open-source nature, Python has been ported (i.e. changed to make it work on) to many many platforms. All your Python programs will work on any of these platforms without requiring any changes at all. However, you must be careful enough to avoid any system-dependent features.
You can use Python on Linux, Windows, Macintosh, Solaris, OS/2, Amiga, AROS, AS/400, BeOS, OS/390, z/OS, Palm OS, QNX, VMS, Psion, Acorn RISC OS, VxWorks, PlayStation, Sharp Zaurus, Windows CE and PocketPC !
Interpreted
This requires a little explanation.
A program written in a compiled language like C or C++ is translated from the source language i.e. C/C++ into a language spoken by your computer (binary code i.e. 0s and 1s) using a compiler with various flags and options. When you run the program, the linker/loader software just stores the binary code in the computer's memory and starts executing from the first instruction in the program.
When you use an interpreted language like Python, there is no separate compilation and execution steps. You just run the program from the source code. Internally, Python converts the source code into an intermediate form called bytecodes and then translates this into the native language of your specific computer and then runs it. All this makes using Python so much easier. You just run your programs - you never have to worry about linking and loading with libraries, etc. They are also more portable this way because you can just copy your Python program into another system of any kind and it just works!
Object Oriented
Python supports procedure-oriented programming as well as object-oriented programming. In procedure-oriented languages, the program is built around procedures or functions which are nothing but reusable pieces of programs. In object-oriented languages, the program is built around objects which combine data and functionality. Python has a very powerful but simple way of doing object-oriented programming, especially, when compared to languages like C++ or Java.
Extensible
If you need a critical piece of code to run very fast, you can achieve this by writing that piece of code in C, and then combine that with your Python program.
Embeddable
You can embed Python within your C/C++ program to give scripting capabilities for your program's users.
Extensive Libraries
The Python Standard Library is huge indeed. It can help you do various things involving regular expressions, documentation generation, unit testing, threading, databases, web browsers, CGI, ftp, email, XML, XML-RPC, HTML, WAV files, cryptography, GUI(graphical user interfaces) using Tk, and also other system-dependent stuff. Remember, all this is always available wherever Python is installed. This is called the "batteries included" philosophy of Python.


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